Chordata – 2 (TANSCHE Syllabus)

Description

Contents : 

1. Introduction to Chordata 
2. Chordata - General Characters 
3. Chordata - Unique Characters 
4. Difference between Non - Chordates and Chordates 
5. Origin of Chordates 
6. Outline Classification of Chordata 
7. Introduction to Prochordates 
8. Prochordates - General Characters 
9. Prochordates - Classification (up to subphylum) 
10. Hemichordata - General Characters 
11. Balanoglossus 
12. Hemichordata -Affinities and Systematic Position 
13. “Balanoglossus is an Invertebrate and not a Chordate” - Justify 
14. Urochordata - General Characters 
15. Ascidian 49-69 16. Urochordata -Affinities and Systematic Position 
17. Cephalochordata - General Characters 
18. Amphioxus
19. Cephalochordata -Affinities and Systematic Position 
20. Vertebrata - General Characters 
21. Vertebrata - Classification 
22. Agnatha 
23. Petromyzon 
24. Gnathostomata 
25. Gnathostomata - General Characters 
26. Gnathostomata - Classification 
27. Placoderms 
28. Chondrichthyes 
29. Scoliodon 
30. Osteichthyes 
31. Elasmobranchii 
32. Holocephali 
33. Acanthodii 
34. Actinopterygii 
35. Sarcopterygii 
36. Dipnoi 
37. Dipnoi-Affinities 
38. Fishes - General Characters 
39. Fishes - Classification 
40. Origin of Fishes 
41. Scales of Fishes 
42. Fins of Fishes 
43. Accessory Respiratory Organs in Fishes 
44. Air Bladders in Fishes 
45. Parental Care in Fishes 
46. Migration of Fishes 
47. Economic Importance of Fishes 
48. Amphibia - General Characters 
49. Amphibia-Classification 
50. Subclass - Labyrinthodontia 
51. Order - Ichthyostegalia 
52. Order -Temnospondyli 
53. Order -Anthracosauria 
54. Subclass - Lepospondyli (Scale Vertebrata) 
55. Subclass- Lissamphibia (Smooth Amphibia) 
56. Order -Anura 
57. Order - Urodela 
58. Order - Apoda 
59. Rana hexadactyla - Type study 
60. Urodela - Neoteny 
61. Parental Care in Amphibia 
62. Origin of Amphibia 
63. Reptilia - General Characters 
64. Reptilia- Classification 
65. Subclass - Anapsida 
66. Cotylosauria 
67. Seymouria 
68. Chelonia 
69. Subclass - Parapsida
70. Subclass - Diapsida 
71. Lepidosauria 
72. Squamata 
73. Archosauria 
74. Crocodilia 
75. Subclass - Synapsida 
76. Rhynchocephalia 
77. Sphenodon - Spotter 
78. Calotes versicolor - Type study 
79. Snakes of India 
80. Poison Apparatus 
81. Biting Mechanism 
82. Skull in Reptiles - As Basis of Classification 
83. Extinct Reptiles 
84. Origin of Reptiles 
85. Terrestrialization 
86. Aves - General Characters 
87. Aves - Classification 
88. Archaeornithes
89. Neornithes 
90. Ratitae 
91. Columba livia - Type study 
92. Bird’s Migration 
93. Flight Adaptations of Birds 
94. Origin of Birds
95. Mammalia - General Characters 
96. Mammalia-Classification 
97. Prototheria-EggLayingmammals 
98. Metatheria - Marsupials 
99. Metatheria - Classification 
100. Subclass - Eutheria 
101. Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) - Type study 
102.Flying Mammals 
103.Aquatic Mammals 
104.Dentition in Mammals 
105.Adaptive Radiation in Mammals 

Syllabus : 

Unit I : General Characters and Classification of Phylum Chordata: Origin of Chordata, 
Differences between non-chordates and chordates, General characters, 
Affinities and Systematic position of Hemichordata (Balanoglossus), 
Urochordata (Ascidia), Cephalochordata (Amphioxus).
Unit II : Prochordates and Agnatha: Characteristics of subphylum Vertebrata, 
Classification of Vertebrata upto Class level, Agnatha (Petromyzon), - Pisces (Scoliodon sorrakowah).
General characters and classification of Pisces, Origin of fishes, 
Affinities of Dipnoi - Types of scales and fins - Accessory respiratory organs - Air bladder - 
Parental care -Migration -Economic importance.
Unit III :Amphibia : General characters and classification -Origin of Amphibia -
Type study : Rana hexadactyla -Adaptive features of Anura, Urodela and Apoda -Neoteny in Urodela - Parental care in Amphibia.
Unit IV:Reptilia: General characters and classification -
Type study: Calotes versicolor - Origin of reptiles and effects of terrestrialisation, Extinct reptiles. 
Snakes of India. Poison apparatus and biting mechanism of poisonous snakes - Skull in reptiles as basis of classification 
Unit V :Aves and Mammalia : Ayes: General characters and classification – 
Type study: Columba livia - Origin of birds, Flight adaptations, Migration. Mammalia: General characters and classification - 
Type study: Rabbit -Adaptive radiation in mammals-Egg laying mammals,Marsupials,Flying mammals, Aquatic mammals, Dentition in mammals.